Is there any type of finish on the floor? In many attics, which were not
intended as being living space, the will be no finish on the floor.
With a white pad holding a sanding screen in place, you should be able to
smooth out the surface enough to be able to apply some polyurethane finish.
I would add about 20 lbs. of runners weights to the Challenger. But there is no dust-catching mechanism with a setup like this, so there will be a fair amount
of sawdust to clean up afterwards. You might want to consider bringing in a local wood floor refinishing professional, who has dustless sanding equipment, to do the sanding part. Then, you apply the finish, and dust cleanup will be minimal.